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Home Disease Index Menstrual cycle
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MENSTRUAL CYCLE


Overview

Causes
Symptoms
Risk Factor

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Overview

 

Menstruation - having periods - is part of the female reproductive cycle that starts when girls become sexually mature at the time of puberty. During a menstrual period, a woman bleeds from her uterus (womb) via the vagina. This lasts anything from three to seven days. Each period commences approximately every 28 days if the woman does not become pregnant during a given cycle.




Causes

 

There is no single proven theory, but there are several possible reasons:

  • contractions of the uterus similar to those felt in childbirth due to the hormone prostaglandin.
  • the pain can be caused by the cervix dilating when the blood and the tissue are passed out of the womb.
  • the pain can be due to earlier infections or inflammations of the uterus, or benign tumours in the uterus.
  • in some cases, painful periods are hereditary. If a woman has painful periods, her daughters may later be affected in the same way.

 



Symptoms

 

The degree of discomfort experienced during menstruation varies from woman to woman. Some are never bothered by their periods, while others can be badly affected by unpleasant symptoms. These may include:

  • pains in the abdomen
  • pain in the vagina
  • feeling nauseous and generally unwell
  • diarrhoea
  • sweating
  • fatigue.


Risk Factors

 

 

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