Cancer of the larynx is caused by changes in the lining of the larynx due to long-standing irritation - usually by cigarette smoke. Today, it is largely a male disease, with men accounting for 80 per cent of the 2000 cases that occur each year in England and Wales. It is seldom seen in people who have never smoked.

Cancer of the larynx usually occurs in people aged over 60. Usually, the first symptom is hoarseness, so if you have been hoarse for more than four weeks it is important to consult your doctor. Less often this is accompanied by throat pain, ear pain or difficulty in swallowing. Fortunately, cancer of the larynx is a rare disease. However, it is important to treat it as early as possible, because this can often lead to a full recovery. For this reason, your doctor is likely to refer you to a specialist.