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 | What is Japanese encephalitis? |
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Japanese encephalitis is a viral disease, transmitted by mosquito bites. It causes serious inflammation of the brain, which may lead to permanent brain damage, and has a high mortality rate. However, the great majority of cases only produce a mild, influenza-like illness with no effect on the brain.
The disease is prevalent in large areas of Asia. However, it is uncommon among tourists and short-term visitors in the areas affected.
There is a vaccine, which forms part of the child vaccination programme in countries like Thailand, Korea, and Japan.
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| What causes Japanese encephalitis? |
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Japanese encephalitis virus belongs to the Flaviviridae family, which also includes dengue virus and yellow fever virus. When the virus enters the bitten person's bloodstream via the mosquito's saliva, it replicates itself in a variety of cells. Eventually the virus attacks the cells of the central nervous system, causing the typical symptoms of the disease to appear.
In the majority of cases the disease does not develop sufficiently to produce any obvious signs. It is therefore thought that only 1 out of 100 adults who come into contact with Japanese encephalitis actually develop any visible signs of it.
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| What are the symptoms of the disease? |
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high fever
