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| | | |  Home  Disease Index Cervical cancer
cause cervical cancer, carcinoma cervix, head neck cancer, cancer of the neck, cervical cancer treatment, cervical screening, treatment for cervical cancer, cervical treatment Treat cause cervical cancer, carcinoma cervix, head neck cancer not responding to prescription drugs, scientifically - DrRaoMD sign and symptom of cervical cancer, hpv and cervical cancer, information on cervical cancer, cervical cancer prevention, cervical cancer test, alternative cervical cancer treatment |  Our Philosophy |
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 | Overview |
| | is the sixth most common cancer in women. It is important to be clear about what is and what is not cervical cancer. Women should have a cervical smear test, often known as a Pap smear test, performed on a regular basis in order to detect the cell changes that come before cancer. It takes many years for the early cell changes that can be detected on a cervical smear to become cancer and in many cases the changes can go away by themselves. The vast majority of abnormal smear test results do not indicate that the woman has cancer. It is by diagnosing and treating these pre-cancerous changes (also called CIN) that the development of actual cancer can be prevented. is a life-threatening condition of which there are two types called squamous cell cancer and adenocarcinoma. Cervical smear tests aim to detect the early changes of squamous cell cancer. If it is detected in the early stages, cervical cancer can be treated and cured with surgery or radiotherapy. |
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| Causes |
| | The development of cervical cancer is gradual and begins as a pre-cancerous condition called dysplasia. In this form it is 100% treatable, usually without the need for a hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus). Dysplasia, depending on its severity, can resolve without treatment, particularly in young women. However, it often progresses to actual cancer called "" (CIS) if it has not spread, or "microinvasive" if it has spread only a few millimeters into the surrounding tissue and not into the lymph channels or blood vessels. A viral infection of the cervix is present in most cases. Smoking appears to increase a woman's risk of developing cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is commonest among the over 50s but it can affect all age groups. One of the ways a woman can reduce her risk of developing cervical cancer is to attend regular cervical smear tests. |
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| Symptoms |
| | Pre-cancerous changes of the cervix (CIN), which can be detected with a cervical smear test. While some actual cancers of the cervix do not give rise to symptoms, most cause the woman to experience bleeding between her periods or after sex. Most often, in its earliest and most treatable stages does not cause any symptoms. When there are symptoms, the most common are: Persistent vaginal discharge, which may be pale, watery, pink, brown, blood streaked, or dark and foul-smelling
Abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially between menstrual periods, after intercourse or douching, and after menopause, which gradually becomes heavier and longer. Symptoms of advanced cervical cancer may include: Loss of appetite, weight loss, fatigue Pelvic, back, or leg pain Leaking of urine or feces from the vagina Bone fracture.
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| Risk Factors |
| | The risk factors for cervical cancer are: Infection with the virus that causes genital warts (human papilloma virus or HPV) may increase the risk of developing dysplasia and subsequent cancer. Fortunately, not all women who have had HPV infection or genital warts develop cervical cancer. Some scientists believe that other factors, such as smoking, may increase the risk of developing in those who have had HPV. Early age at first sexual intercourse. Multiple sexual partners and/or partners who have multiple partners. In the early 1970's, it was discovered that women whose mothers took an estrogen drug during pregnancy called DES (diethylstilbestrol) are at risk of a rare form of cervical and vaginal cancer. For more information go to the DES Action web page. There is a small increased risk of abnormal Pap smears among women who take birth control pills. It is thought that this is because such women are more sexually active, are less likely to use condoms, and have more frequent Pap smears in order to be prescribed the birth control pill. Women whose immune systems are weakened -- such as those with HIV infection or women who have received organ transplants and are taking drugs to suppress the immune system -- may be at a higher risk. Infections with genital herpes or chronic chlamydia infections, both sexually transmitted diseases, may increase risk. Poor women may be at higher risk because they are uninsured or not able to afford regular pap smears.
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