Exotic animal life is generally an attraction when travelling abroad, but some animals in particular have to be shown respect. Most people are afraid of snakes but other far smaller creepy-crawlies may also pose a risk to humans, for example certain flying insects, such as wasps and bees. Among the slightly larger and far more fascinating are scorpions and spiders.

scorpion

The majority of scorpions are harmless to humans, although the sting is extremely painful and will require painkilling treatment. The following may be observed in cases of moderate to more serious poisoning:

• malaise, sweating, heart palpitations, rise in blood pressure, salivation, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. These symptoms should be treated in a similar way to snake bites, and a doctor should be consulted as quickly as possible.
• hyperacute (typically allergic) reactions in the form of blurring of consciousness, unconsciousness, convulsions, fall in blood pressure, shock and consequently the threat of death may occur.

Spiders

• A stinging, slightly smarting pain is often felt at the site of the bite. The pain can sometimes be burning and violent. In some cases there is no immediate pain, but instead it comes on after 30 to 60 minutes. Blistering, bleeding under the skin and a convulsive sensation in the muscles may be felt. Later, local tissue death may occur, but this depends on the venom concerned.
• General symptoms such as anxiety, a sensation of weakness, sweating, headache, dizziness, swelling around the eyes, skin rash, respiratory distress, nausea, salivation and vomiting are all possible.
• Difficulty in maintaining muscle control and convulsions, which in the worst case can affect the muscles involved in swallowing and breathing.
• Possibly allergic reactions with circulatory failure, shock and death.